It is a good rule, when you need to connect to a remote server, to avoid the use of programs such as TELNET and FTP as all data and in particular the user's password will pass in clear text and can be easily intercepted by an attacker. To avoid unpleasant surprises it is therefore recommended the usage of an SSH client software (through TCP port 22) that encrypts the communication. Access from outside the department has been limited to the login.dei.unipd.it server only.
If you need to reach any other station, you must first connect to login.dei.unipd.it and from there connect to the desired machine (with ssh machine_name).
Windows
Download the MobaXterm client or PuTTY or Bitvise Tunnelier.
The use of PuTTY is very intuitive, just be careful when choosing the protocol: it should be SSH and not TELNET.
Linux
Normally, all GNU Linux distributions include the ssh command (and scp for file transfer):
ssh username@login.dei.unipd.it
For the file transfer it is also possible to use a graphical client such as Filezilla.
macOS
Similarly to Linux, the ssh command is included in the operating system and it is possible to install a graphical file transfer client such as Filezilla.